Halogen

Expert research on technology, power, and industry.

Halogen merges AI-driven research with expert industry guidance. Read our latest coverage.

TechnologyGeopoliticsEnergyInfrastructure

Research at the intersection of systems, strategy, and industrial change.

Technology

Tracks the systems, materials, and technical shifts that reshape industries and strategic advantage.

Geopolitics

Examines power, state strategy, and the international pressures that define markets and security.

Energy

Explores energy transitions, industrial bottlenecks, and the infrastructure behind long-term resilience.

Infrastructure

Studies the physical networks, water systems, cables, and logistics that societies depend on and rarely notice until they fail.

Undersea cables: the repair fleet is the single point of failure

An analysis of why the resilience of global connectivity depends less on how many cables exist than on the ageing fleet, safe access, and permits needed to repair them, and of what satellites, land routes, and new fibre can and cannot replace.

Repair capacityChokepoint geographyHyperscaler ownershipCable alternatives